为进一步提高弹射器兼容性、实现弹射通用化,提出一种通用化可变内弹道的柔性气缸弹射器,实现多型号导弹通用化弹射。基于显式动力学理论,建立多工况通用化柔性气缸弹射负载有限元模型,实现基于粒子法的多型号导弹通用化柔性气缸弹射研究。对比研究了粒子法和计算流体力学方法压力容器试验仿真,所得仿真结果吻合,充分验证了粒子法的正确性和可靠性。研究结果表明:连续弹射会对后续弹射造成影响,第二次弹射相对第一次弹射速度降低8.7%,弹射过载降低4.4%;改变充气阀开启时序能够改变弹射性能,同时开启充气阀能有效提高弹射速度,顺序开启有助于降低弹射过载峰值;改变充气阀开合直径大小和开启时序可实现多型号导弹通用化弹射,同型号导弹不同顺序弹射速度相差12%以内,响应时间小于0.02 s。

In order to further improving the compatibility of the catapult and realize the universalization of the catapult, this study proposes a universal flexible cylinder catapult with variable interior ballistics to realize the universalization of multi-type missiles. Based on the explicit dynamic theory, the finite element model of flexible cylinder ejection loads with multi-mode missile is established, and the research of flexible cylinder ejection for multi-mode missile based on particle method is realized. In this study, the pressure vessel test simulation of particle method and computational fluid dynamics method is compared, and the simulation results is consistent, which fully verifies the correctness and reliability of particle method. The research results show that continuous ejection will affect subsequent ejection, and the velocity of the second ejection is 8.7% lower than that of the first ejection, and the ejection overload is 4.4% lower. Further research shows that changing the opening timing of the inflatable valve can change the ejection performance, and opening the inflatable valve can effectively improve the ejection speed. Sequential opening helps to reduce the peak ejection overload. Changing the opening and closing diameter of the air valve and the opening time sequence can realize the universal ejection of multi-type missiles. The difference of ejection velocity between different orders of the same type missile is less than 12%, and the response time is less than 0.02 s.