高速攻击部件和防护结构的设计都必须考虑撞击物的形状、速度和撞击方向等因素对高速碰撞结果的影响,而进行大量的试验研究较为困难,可以通过数值仿真方法为规律性研究提供必要的依据。基于LS-DYNA软件利用光滑质点动力学方法对球形弹丸高速撞击靶板进行了数值仿真,仿真结果与试验结果基本一致。在此基础上研究了撞击物的形状、撞击速度的大小和方向对高速碰撞结果的影响规律。不同形状的撞击物高速撞击靶板形成的碎片云、弹孔形状和大小均有较大差异,碎片云的颗粒大小、分散程度、弹孔的尺寸和形状随撞击速度和撞击方向的改变而改变。

Investigation into the influence of the impact velocity, impact orientation and shape of impact body on hypervelocity impact result has become an important problem for hypervelocity impact body design and bumper shield design. Since it is unpractical to do large numbers of experimentations with real situation, numerical simulation of hypervelocity impact can provide some useful conclusion. The numerical simulation of hypervelocity impact of spheres on thin plates at normal was carried out using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics technique with LS-DYNA. The simulation results were consistent with experimental results. The effect of impact velocity, impact orientation and shape of impact body on produced debris cloud and penetration hole was further analyzed based on the smoothed particle hydrodynamics technique. The debris clouds and penetration holes produced by hypervelocity impact with different shaped impact bodies have great differentia. The granule size and disperse extent of debris clouds and the shape and size of the holes are alter with impact orientation and impact velocity.