激光遮断法作为非接触式速度测量最典型的方法之一,具有简单、可靠等优点,在轻气炮和电磁弹射等装置的弹丸出射速度测量中应用广泛。针对低弹速、紧凑型电磁炮弹丸发射系统中激光遮断距离小、弹丸通过时间短等不利因素对弹速测量准确性的影响,提出了基于三坐标机遮断距离在线测量的长度测量误差修正方法,以及基于实测光纤及光电转换一致性偏差的时间测量误差修正方法。研究结果表明,基于长度测量误差修正,弹丸速度的修正量为0.69%;基于时间测量误差修正,在弹速范围内,弹丸速度的修正量为1.51%~12.02%。在研制的电磁弹射装置中,利用以上方法成功完成了弹丸速度的测量及其不确定度的评定。

As one of the most typical non-contact velocity measurement methods, the laser interdiction method has the advantages of simplicity and reliability, and is widely used in the projectile velocity measurement of light gas guns and electromagnetic ejectors. Aiming at the influence of the unfavorable factors such as the small laser interruption distance and the short passing time of the projectile in the low projectile velocity and compact electromagnetic projectile launching system on the accuracy of the projectile velocity measurement, the length measurement error correction method based on the online measurement of the interruption distance of the coordinate machine and the time measurement error correction method based on the measured optical fiber and photoelectric conversion consistency deviation are proposed. The results show that the correction of projectile velocity is 0.69% based on length measurement error correction. Based on the correction of time measurement error, within the range of projectile velocity, the correction of projectile velocity is 1.51%~12.02%. In the electromagnetic ejection device developed, the measurement of projectile velocity and the evaluation of its uncertainty have been successfully completed by using the above methods.