动态炸点定位是毁伤评估的重要内容,爆炸声波由冲击波衰减产生,冲击波为超声速且有一定影响范围,因此炸点声定位的精度会受到爆炸冲击波的影响。为探究炸点定位过程中爆炸冲击波段对声定位结果的影响,基于爆炸冲击波压力衰减规律,构建了冲击波衰减为声波的波至时间-距离模型,并将该模型应用于基于时间到达差的定位方法中。以典型的布设方式为例,预设炸点和声传感器基阵位置,计算得到相应的波至时间。基于时间到达差(TDOA)的定位方式反演得到炸点相对于声传感器基阵的位置,比较反演位置与预设位置得到炸点的声定位误差。进一步通过调整预设的炸点位置以及装药质量,分析爆炸冲击波对声定位误差的影响。研究结果表明,装药质量和爆心距离是影响定位误差的主要影响因素;随比例距离增大,冲击波引起的定位误差呈现减小趋势,当比例距离大于18.45时,相对距离误差可降至1%以下。以期为炸点声定位的系统误差修正提供参考,提高炸点声定位的计算精度。

Dynamic explosion point localization constitutes a pivotal element in damage assessment. The explosive sound wave, originating from the attenuation of a shock wave, is characterized by supersonic velocity and a defined sphere of influence. Accordingly, the accuracy of explosion point acoustic localization is susceptible to the influence of the explosive shock wave. To explore the impact of the explosive shock wave segment on the acoustic localization outcomes during the explosion point localization process, a wave arrival time-distance model for the attenuation of the shock wave into a sound wave was constructed, predicated on the pressure attenuation law of the explosive shock wave. This model was subsequently integrated into the localization methodology based on the time difference of arrival (TDOA). Utilizing a prototypical arrangement as a case study, the preset explosion point and the acoustic sensor array's position were delineated, and the corresponding wave arrival times were computed. The TDOA-based localization approach was employed to retrodict the position of the explosion point relative to the acoustic sensor array, and the acoustic localization error of the explosion point was ascertained by juxtaposing the retrodicted position with the preset position. Furthermore, by modulating the preset explosion point position and the charge mass, the influence of the explosive shock wave on the acoustic localization error was scrutinized. The research findings suggest that the charge mass and the distance from the explosion center are the predominant factors influencing the localization error. As the scaled distance escalates, the localization error induced by the shock wave exhibits a diminishing trend. When the scaled distance surpasses 18.45, the relative distance error can be mitigated to below 1%. It is anticipated that these findings will serve as a reference for the systematic error correction of explosion point acoustic localization, thereby enhancing the computational precision of explosion point acoustic localization.