胀环/泡沫铝缓冲器通过弹塑性变形、锥台与胀环组件之间的摩擦热能和泡沫铝压缩变形吸收能量。为了研究胀环/泡沫铝复合结构的缓冲吸能,利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件进行高过载环境下的数值模拟研究,采用5个指标对其进行缓冲性能评估。结果表明:在高过载环境下的压缩机制与单一胀环结构有明显差异;在相同位移条件下,吸能位移曲线明显大于单一胀环结构和泡沫铝吸能位移曲线的线性叠加;与单一胀环结构相比,复合结构最显著的特点是缓冲时间明显增长。

Energy of expansion ring/foam aluminum bumper can be absorbed through the elastic deformation, friction between the frustum and the expansion ring assembly thermal energy and aluminum foam compression deformation. In order to study the buffer energy absorption of the expansion ring/foam aluminum composite structure, the numerical simulation under high overload environment was carried out by ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, the buffer performance was evaluated by five indexes. The results show that the compressive mechanism is obviously different from that of a single expansion ring under high overload condition. Under the same displacement condition, the displacement curve of energy dissipation is obviously larger than the linear superposition of the single expansion ring structure and the foam aluminum displacement curve. Compared with the ring structure, the most prominent feature of the composite structure is that the buffer time is obviously increased.