纯方位定位是重要的无源定位手段,受几何布局等因素影响,其定位精度不高。为实现快速高精度估计,研究双站纯方位定位中的BLUE滤波模型。建立直角坐标系中的量测转换模型,分析量测转换误差统计规律,推导双站纯方位定位的BLUE滤波器。与其它经典算法的性能对比表明:BLUE滤波能估计出量测转换误差的高阶项,其性能优于EKF,而计算量低于UKF,在不同状态噪声下都能最优滤波,有较好的实用前景。

Bearing-only localization is important in passive localization. Influenced by geometry and measurement errors, the precision is unfavorable. To track target rapidly and accurately, the implementation of best linear unbiased estimation (BLUE) filter in bearing-only system is explored. The converted measurements model in Cartesian coordinate is built, the statistics of converted measurements are derived, corresponding BLUE filter is deduced. Numerical comparisons with two state-of-art techniques show: proposed algorithm outperforms EKF in precision because it can estimate the high-order statistics of converted measurement errors; meanwhile its computation cost is lower than UKF with equal performance. Proposed filter can provide optimality under different state noise levels, which proves its applicability.