针对卫星导航信号姿态测量问题,根据阵列信号处理理论,分析了天线坐标系与卫星坐标系的关系,建立了以坐标旋转矩阵为参量的阵列信号模型,提出了矢量跟踪环路、单星观测MUSIC姿态谱估计及多星观测正交投影姿态谱估计理论。通过MATLAB仿真,讨论了信噪比、阵列孔径、卫星个数及卫星分布对姿态谱估计的影响。仿真结果表明:通过提高信噪比、扩大阵列孔径尺寸、选用分布均匀的多颗观测卫星可以显著改善姿态谱估计性能。

Aiming at the problem of satellite navigation signal attitude measurement, according to the array signal processing theory, the relationship between antenna coordinate system and satellite coordinate system is analyzed, the array signal model with coordinate rotation matrix as parameter is established, and the vector tracking loop, music attitude spectrum estimation of single satellite observation and orthogonal projection attitude spectrum estimation theory of multi satellite observation are proposed. Through MATLAB simulation, the effects of signal-to-noise ratio, array aperture, number of satellites and satellite distribution on attitude spectrum estimation are discussed. The simulation results show that the performance of attitude spectrum estimation can be significantly improved by improving the signal-to-noise ratio, expanding the aperture size of the array and reasonably selecting multiple observation satellites with uniform distribution.