为指导破冰弹设计,对制式弹药侵彻毁伤冰体的过程进行研究,进行弹体侵彻毁伤试验,采用有限元分析方法建立数值计算模型。试验结果表明有限尺寸的冰体在受到冲击后,会发生剧烈的冰体爆炸。主要研究5.8 mm制式弹药在着靶速度为840 m/s、743 m/s、657 m/s、581 m/s时对目标的终点效应,模拟弹体对冰体的侵彻过程,获得在不同着靶速度以及改变冰体厚度情况下,弹体披甲破坏、弹体速度损失比以及剩余冰体质量的变化情况。模拟结果表明,着靶速度为弹体侵彻过程中偏转失稳的主要原因,弹体着靶速度越大、运动路径越长,披甲破坏程度越严重;侵彻不同厚度冰体时,侵彻初期两者侵彻过程相似,随着弹体着靶速度增大,速度损失比均呈现减小趋势,剩余冰体质量呈现不同波动变化。

In order to guide the design of ice-breaking projectile, the process of standard ammunition penetrating and damaging ice body was studied, the projectile penetrating and damaging test was carried out, and the numerical calculation model was established by finite element method. The experimental results show that the ice body of finite size will explode violently after being impacted. This paper mainly studies the end effect of 5.8 mm standard ammunition on the target when the target velocity is 840 m/s, 743 m/s, 657 m/s and 581 m/s, simulates the penetration process of the projectile body to the ice body, and obtains the changes of the projectile body armor destruction, the projectile body velocity loss ratio and the remaining ice body mass under the conditions of different target velocity and changing the ice body thickness. The simulation results show that the target velocity is the main reason for the deflection and instability of the projectile body in the process of penetration. The larger the target velocity and the longer the movement path of the projectile body, the more serious the damage degree of armor. When penetrating ice with different thickness, the process of penetration is similar to the initial stage of penetration. With the increase of the target velocity, the velocity loss ratio shows a decreasing trend, and the mass of the remaining ice body shows different fluctuations.