为提高激光近炸引信的测高值精度,提出了一种噪声特性动态估计的Kalman滤波方法,以滤除引信测高值中统计特性随地表特征而变的噪声。分析了测高值差分序列与测量噪声序列的统计关系,推导出了利用测高值计算测量噪声方差的无偏估计量;采用非参数假设检验的方法识别测量噪声类型,进而动态估计测量噪声的方差。以反辐射导弹定高起爆为背景,进行了仿真计算,结果表明该方法能够很好的解决测量噪声统计特性动态变化的Kalman滤波问题。

In order to achieve high precise height value of laser proximity fuze, a kind of Kalman filter method was provided which estimates the characteristics of measurement noise periodically. This method can filter proximity fuze height finding noise whose statistic characters vary with ground surface characters. The statistic relationship between height finding value difference serial and measurement noise serial was analyzed. Unbiased estimation of measurement noise variance was derived, which applied the height finding value. Non-parameter hypothesis test was applied to identify the type of noise, and then the variance of measurement noise was estimated periodically. Against the background of ARM blast at preconceived height, simulation computation was implemented. The result indicates that this method could properly solve the Kalman filter problem that measurement noise statistic characteristics vary unpredictably.