为了为弹丸总体优化设计提供参考,应用FLUENT仿真软件仿真研究了弹头引信外形对小口径亚音速弹丸气动力特性的影响,得到了头部形状为单一圆台形、组合圆台形和半球形的三种弹丸在不同攻角、不同马赫数下的阻力系数、升力系数、俯仰力矩系数和压力中心变化规律。结果表明:攻角对阻力系数、升力系数影响不明显。马赫数小于0.7时,头部形状为半球形的弹丸阻力系数最小、升力系数最大;马赫数大于0.7时,头部形状为组合圆台形的弹丸阻力系数最小、升力系数最大。

In order to provide a reference for optimal grenade design, FLUENT simulation software was applied to study the effect of small-caliber subsonic warhead's fuze shape on aerodynamic characteristics of grenades, drag coefficient lift coefficient, pitching moment coefficients and center of pressure variation of three grenades' head shapes (singe cone, truncated combination and hemispherical) at different angles of attack, different Mach number were achieved. The results show that: angle of attack has no obvious effect on the drag coefficient lift coefficient. When Mach number is less than 0.7, drag coefficient of grenade with the hemispherical head shape is minimum, its lift coefficient is maximum; when Mach number is greater than 0.7, drag coefficient of grenade with truncated combination head shape is minimum, its lift coefficient is maximum.