针对炮弹弹底引信在膛内需承受高温火药燃气强瞬态热冲击的问题,将非稳态导热计算方法和有限元瞬态导热分析引入引信结构分析,得到了引信体底部沿轴向温度分布曲线。ANSYS仿真结果与理论计算结果相吻合。结果表明,正常发射时,在膛内发射药火焰作用下,弹底引信表面温度约为95~145℃,热扰动在引信体内部传播深度不足2mm,发射药火焰对弹底引信强度的影响可以忽略不计。但考虑到火炮发射时可能会出现弹丸留膛的异常现象,在设计弹底引信时,当引信体材料为50钢或35CrMnSiA时,可忽略火炮发射膛内高温对弹底引信的影响;当引信体材料为铝合金2A12、7075、7A04或铜合金HPb59-4时,应适当加大引信体最薄部位厚度。

In order to reduce strong transient thermal shock of high-temperature propellant gas in bore on the base fuze of projectile, unsteady heat conduction calculation method and finite element analysis of transient heat conduction were used, and the curve of the axial temperature distribution in the bottom fuze body was got.The results of simulation by ANSYS are consistent with the theoretical results.The results show that the temperature of base fuze is about 95 to 145 °C under normal firing.Thermal disturbance spreads in the fuze body less than 2 mm.The influence of propellant gas on the strength of base fuze can be ignored.Considering that projectile would be stranded in bore abnormally, when the fuze bodies were made by 50 steel or 35CrMnSiA steel, the influence of propellant gas on the strength of base fuze can be ignored, but when the fuze bodies were made by aluminium alloy such as 2A12, 7075, 7A04 or brass HPb59-4, the minimum thickness of fuze body should increase appropriately.