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董金龙(1983—),男,高级工程师。E-mail:13469402577@163.com |
收稿日期: 2024-09-05
网络出版日期: 2025-11-28
Study on Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Super Caliber Canard-Controlled Projectile
Received date: 2024-09-05
Online published: 2025-11-28
超口径鸭式布局炮弹,弹身前部直径较大,重心靠前,弹身中部存在变直径截面,表面气体流动更为复杂。为研究其气动特性,采用数值计算的方法,分析了其升阻力特性、俯仰力矩特性以及弹体表面流场分布。结果表明,其升阻比随攻角变大先增加后减小,8°攻角时升阻比最大;对弹体分区研究各部位提供的俯仰力矩发现,攻角α=0°,俯仰舵偏角δz=5°时,弹尾提供正向俯仰力矩,在总俯仰力矩中占比超过30%,δz=10°时的操稳比相比δz=5°时的下降了46.8%;弹体变直径处出现涡,与舵面涡及弹体表面绕流涡相互作用,使弹体后段表面气体流动较为复杂,增加了控制难度。
董金龙 , 陈宇霄 , 马源晖 . 一种鸭式布局的超口径炮弹气动特性研究[J]. 弹箭与制导学报, 2025 , 45(5) : 618 -624 . DOI: 10.15892/j.cnki.djzdxb.2025.05.004
The super caliber canard-controlled projectiles have a large front diameter,a forward center of gravity,a variable diameter cross section in the middle of the projectile body,and more complex surface gas flow.In order to study its aerodynamic characteristics,the lifting resistance characteristics,pitching moment characteristics and the surface flow field distribution of the projectile were analyzed by numerical calculation.The results show that the lift-drag ratio increases first and then decreases with the increase of attack angle,and the lift-drag ratio reaches the maximum when the attack angle is 8°.The pitch moment provided by different parts of the projectile body is studied in different areas.It is found that the forward pitch moment provided by the projectile tail takes up more than 30% of the total pitch moment when the attack angle α=0°,elevator angle δz=5°,and the stability ratio of the δz=10° decreases by 46.8% compared with δz=5°.Vortices appear at the variable diameter of the projectile body,which interact with the vortices of the rudder surface and the vortices around the surface of the projectile body,making the gas flow on the surface of the projectile body more complicated and increasing the difficulty of control.
Key words: canard configuration; super caliber; lift coefficient; drag coefficient; pitch moment; vortex
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