制导测向小孔径约束的二维阵型优化设计

魏明英; 符正; 王懿哲; 沈清

doi:10.15892/j.cnki.djzdxb.2026.01.010

弹箭与制导学报 >

2026 , Vol. 46 >Issue 1: 97 - 112

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15892/j.cnki.djzdxb.2026.01.010

制导测向小孔径约束的二维阵型优化设计

魏明英 ¹^,² ,
符正 ¹^,³ ,
王懿哲 ³ ,
沈清 ^,³^,^*

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¹ 北京电子工程总体研究所,北京 100854
² 复杂产品智能制造系统技术全国重点实验室,北京 100854
³ 北京理工大学信息与电子学院,北京 100081

*q.shen@bit.edu.cn。

收稿日期: 2026-01-06

网络出版日期: 2026-03-09

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(62271052)

国家自然科学基金(62531016)

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Two-dimensional Array Optimization under the Small-aperture Constraint for Guidance and Direction Finding

WEI Mingying ¹^,² ,
FU Zheng ¹^,³ ,
WANG Yizhe ³ ,
SHEN Qing ^,³^,^*

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¹ Beijing Institute of Electronic System Engineering, Beijing 100854, China
² State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing System Technology, Beijing 100854, China
³ School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China

Received date: 2026-01-06

Online published: 2026-03-09

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摘要

受平台资源(重量、体积、布阵空间等)限制,制导测向系统在小孔径布阵约束下测向性能受限,阵型优化成为提升系统性能的关键环节。本文推导了标量阵列和极化敏感阵列的宽带二维波达方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计的克拉美罗界(Cramér-Rao Bound,CRB),提出了一种基于克拉美罗界的小孔径阵列性能评估和构型优化方法。首先,梳理了宽带信号波达方向估计的发展历程和典型的二维阵列结构,建立了基于频带分解的标量阵列及极化敏感阵列宽带信号模型;接着,针对标量阵列,给出了宽带二维波达方向估计克拉美罗界闭式表达式;随后,推导出极化敏感阵列宽带二维波达方向估计克拉美罗界的通用框架及闭式表达式,建立了极化敏感阵列二维测向性能评估准则;最后,结合制导系统平台对阵元数量和布阵孔径的限制,提出了基于所推导克拉美罗界的二维阵型优化方法,通过构建阵型优化集合和理论性能评估,实现阵列布局的定量优化。研究结果为小孔径制导测向系统的阵列构型设计与性能评估提供了理论支撑和技术指导。

关键词： 二维宽带波达方向估计; 克拉美罗界; 标量阵列; 极化敏感阵列; 二维阵列构型设计

本文引用格式

魏明英 , 符正 , 王懿哲 , 沈清 . 制导测向小孔径约束的二维阵型优化设计[J]. 弹箭与制导学报, 2026 , 46(1) : 97 -112 . DOI: 10.15892/j.cnki.djzdxb.2026.01.010

Abstract

The direction-finding performance of guidance and direction-finding system is limited with a small-aperture array and the array configuration optimization is a key step to improve system performance due to platform resource constraints such as weight,volume,and deployment space.In this paper,the Cramér-Rao bounds (CRBs) for wideband two-dimensional direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of both scalar arrays and polarization-sensitive arrays are derived,and a CRB-based performance evaluation and configuration optimization method for small-aperture arrays is proposed.Firstly,the development of wideband DOA estimation and the typical two-dimensional array structures are reviewed,and the wideband signal models based on subband decomposition are established for both scalar arrays and polarization-sensitive arrays.For scalar arrays,a closed-form expression for the CRB of wideband two-dimensional DOA estimation is provided.Subsequently,a general framework and closed-form expression for the CRB of wideband two-dimensional DOA estimation of polarization-sensitive arrays are derived,and a performance evaluation criterion for two-dimensional direction finding with such arrays is established.Finally,A two-dimensional array configuration optimization method based on the derived CRB is proposed by considering the constraints ofguidance system platform on the number of array elements and array aperture.The quantitative optimization of array layout can be achieved by constructing an array configuration optimization set and conducting theoretical performance evaluation.The research results provide theoretical support and technical guidance for the array configuration design and performance evaluation of small-aperture guidance direction-finding systems.

Key words： two-dimensional wideband direction-of-arrival estimation; Cramér-Rao bound; scalar array; polarization-sensitive array; two-dimensional array configuration design

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