为分析深海大范围区域随机入水目标的落点定位特性,提出以声信号到达时间差为测量元素的无源定位模型,并建立Monte-Carlo精度仿真算法。在采用四元阵并代入典型误差源条件下,目标在基阵中心位置时的均方根误差优于70 m,而在靠近基阵顶角位置时的均方根误差增大至O(100 m)。仿真结果表明,模型能够对深海声信道条件下的目标位置和基阵构型变化产生合理响应,可用于相关工程问题的精度分析及论证设计。

To analyses the positioning characteristic of the random impact target in a wide deep sea area, a passive acoustic localization model using arrival time differences as measured elements was presented, and a Monte-Carlo simulation algorithm was established for accuracy analysis. Measuring by a four-element array with typical error sources, the average root mean square error(RMSE) was superior to 70 m as the target impacted in the center of array, and the RMSE was increasing to O(100 m) as the the target near the corner of array. The simulation results showed that this model was capable of responding to the change of impact position and array geometry, which was proved to be practical for accuracy analysis and system design in engineering.