第二代舰载直流电力系统的不断推广应用,为高能武器发射、大功耗高频次武器发射提供了有效保障。对舰载直流电力系统进行电压监测以确保其正常运行显得尤为重要。针对复杂电磁环境作用下引起的电阻老化导致基于分压法的电压传感器的精确度等级随时间而降低的问题,文中提出了一种基于电阻分压与电子开关的中压直流自校准电压传感器方案。该方案针对分压器结构进行改进,在分压器中间位置电阻处并联一受控电子开关,通过微处理器控制电子开关状态,按电阻分压与分时采样原理,求解出分压器高压臂电阻阻值,从而更新分压器分压比以达到自校准的目的,同时针对传统分压式电压传感器难以兼顾测量范围与等级的缺点,提出了多档调理方案。按上述方案进行样机开发,并针对其性能指标设计了基本准确度试验与自校准试验。试验结果表明:基于该方案设计的电压传感器样机量程满足0~20 kV,测量精确度等级满足0.2级,自校准试验验证了自校准方案的有效性。

With the continuous promotion and application of the second-generation shipborne DC power system, it provides an effective guarantee for the launch of high-energy weapons and high-power and high-frequency weapons. It is important to monitor the voltage of shipborne DC power system to ensure normal operation. Aiming at the problem that the accuracy level of voltage sensor based on voltage divider will decrease with time due to resistor aging caused by complex electromagnetic environment, a self-correction voltage sensor based on resistor voltage divider and electronic switch was introduced. The scheme improves the structure of the voltage divider. A controlled electronic switch is connected in parallel with the resistor, which is at the middle position of the voltage divider, and the microprocessor controls the electronic switch to open and close. According to the principle of voltage divider and time-sharing sampling, the resistance of the high voltage resistor can be evaluated through solving the equations, so as to update the voltage divider ratio to achieve the purpose of self-correction. In this paper, a prototype is developed according to the scheme, and the basic accuracy experiment and self-correction experiment are designed according to its performance indicators. The experimental results show that the range of the voltage sensor prototype meets 0~20 kV, and the measurement accuracy class meets 0.2. The self-correction experiment verifies the effectiveness of the self-correction scheme, which proves that the developed prototype meets the DC medium voltage monitoring requirements.