In order to study the influence of different charging structures of the explosion and scatters effect of fire extinguishing agent and provide a basis of the design of the actual fire extinguishing charge structure. Using the TrueGrid software established the fire extinguishing projectile simulation model of center charge structure, column charge structure, bottom charge structure and bottom center charge structure, and through LS-DYNA simulate the process. Tracking and analyzing the dispersing process of the center charge structure and the column charge structure simulation model. The results show that:The columnar charge structure is cylindrical, and the fire extinguishing agent particles are evenly dispersed in the axial and radial directions, and a clear velocity gradient is formed in the radial direction, the fire extinguishing effect is better. So the column charge structure is a preferred choice to design the fire extinguishing projectile.