Aiming at the problems such as the poor time base unity and the difficulty in obtaining the saving data in the shock wave over-pressure test, a shock wave overpressure test system with timebase unification and rapid acquisition of key data was designed. The system uses the Beidou timing module to precisely test the test node and an external trigger wire was used to instantly generate a pulse so that multiple test nodes can be started at the same time to achieve timebase unification. By using the internal trigger address backtracking, the key data storage location can be accurately located and the radio is used to complete the acquisition of key data. Experiments show that the system can ensure the timebase unity of multiple test nodes and the fast and accurate acquisition of the key data.