In order to analyze the damage of aircraft metal structure impacted by high velocity warhead fragments, shock pressure and temperature were calculated. The burn test was performed to study the heat radiation threats. The research shows that the shock pressure and temperature are very high. The strength of material will decline when it is burned, but the change of its hardness depends on different material. Comprehensive analysis shows that the damage modes of aircraft metal structure threatened by air-defense missile are broken holes impacted by fragments, property change affected by heat, and local deformation or tear damage resulted by shock waves.